Glosarium Kripto

Edwards-curve Digital Signature Algorithm _EdDSA_ is a cryptographic algorithm used by ADA, Stellar, Lisk, NEM, XMR, Tezos.

A cryptocurrency airdrop is an event to send coins to eligible wallets for free

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

It can be regarded as a type of private chain. It is generally operated by multiple organizations and it is partial-decentralized compared to a public chain.

One of the key features of blockchain. It enables a higher level of privacy of the transaction without revealing information about the trading parties.

It refers to a situation where two or more miners successfully calculate the harsh at the same time, which means finding the block.

Within Blockchain industry, it is the abbreviation form of Application Programming Interface.

It is one of the characteristics of Blockchain technology.

Comprised of a series of letters and numbers, it is similar to a bank account, which is used to transfer and receive cryptocurrencies.

It is a type of cryptocurrency that can be regarded as an asset such as stocks, securities.

Known as a cryptographic algorithm, it requires 2 keys, the public key for encryption and the private key for decryption.

It refers to a type of trading by maximizing profits on price differences between exchanges.

It is a technique by which unauthorized access can be gained to a device or a network to exploit the sys tem‘s vulnerabilities.

Cosmos is a decentralized network of independent parallel blockchains, each powered by BFT consensus algorithms like Tendermint consensus. It officially launched in March 2019.

It refers to a series of laws and regulations decreed by authorities in order to prevent criminals from disguising illegal obtained funds as legitimate income.

Algorand_s consensus mechanism is permissionless and pure proof-of-stake. It ensures full participation, protection, and speed within a truly decentralized network.

It refers to alternative cryptocurrencies launched after bitcoin.

Short for “ask me anything”. It refers to the activities held by exchange representatives or project managers to answer questions from the users.

Axie Infinity is a popular game on Ethereum.

The bit is a basic unit of information in information theory, computing, including digital communications.

It happens when a trader‘s loss exceeds the deposit in his or her account due to the vaｒiation of the market.

When miners help create a new block, they will get 6.25 Bitcoins as a reward. This process of updating the public ledger is called mining a block.

Refers to a computer file that records transaction information. A blockchain is created when blocks are connected as a continuous chain.

It is comprised of blocks and become a chain. The block refers to a digital piece of information of a database.

Created by Satoshi Nakamoto, it is a cryptocurrency integrated with the subjects of Cryptography and Consensus Mechanism.

Proposed by Leslie Lambert in 1982, it is the fault-tolerant problem of peer-to-peer network. Bitcoin solves this problem by Proof of Work Consensus.

It refers to a method in cryptography which obtains information such as passwords by trying all the possible answers.

When a trader believes that an asset will rise in value, he or she is “bullish“ on the asset.

It is an interactive protocol of multiple byte assets.

It is an event that took place on May 22, 2010.

A Chinese saying of BTC.

Refers to the positive market trend.

It refers to the inaccurate signal that indicate market price increases but in fact, the price will continue to decrease.

It refers to a gloomy and negative market condition.

In the distributed area, the impossible triangle refers to partition tolerance, availability, and consistency.

Refers to the unpredictable and influential events such as 911 and Brexit.

It refers to contributing to the blockchain eco_ rather than HODL passively.

This refers to the price fluctuation of cryptocurrencies in the investment market. It’s usually in the form of figures or diagrams.

In this investment process, investors stay put or invest in assets of low fluctuations, to minimize risks and maximize security.

When a traders believe that an asset will drop in value, he or she is “bearish“ on the asset.

Refers to the rewards that miners receive for finding new blocks by using mining devices. Different cryptocurrencies have different rewards based on respective blocks in the blockchain.

The number of blocks within the blockchain from its genesis block.

It is similar to a kind of distributed computer network that enables the processing of large amounts of data to reduce latency.

The Black-Scholes model is a mathematical model specifically used to price financial derivatives of European options, and can be abbreviated as the BS formula.

It refers to the large volume trading.

Bitcoin ETF, namely an open-ended exchange-traded fund, is a regulated investment fund that tracks the price of Bitcoin.

The uncertainty principle states that one cannot assign exact simultaneous values to the position and momentum of a particle.

It is a word which can be used to describe both the stock market and cryptocurrency market when the price of an asset keeps declining, but turns to rise again.

It is a new token created by a hard fork of the original open-source cryptocurrency which took place on October 24, 2017, with a total issue amount of 21 million.

The quote currency, commonly known as "counter currency," is the second currency in both a direct and indirect currency pair

It is a monetary unit which is designated by a government to serve as the basis of its currency _.

The Bretton Woods Agreement and _ created a collective international currency exchange regime

Behavior where an investor starts to purchase and hoard a large sum of some currency.

All cryptocurrencies except Bitcoin can be called a copycat coin. However, they are not counterfeit, but rather a new kind of coin developed based on Bitcoin source code.

It is a type of trading to gain profits by speculating on crypto price.

It refers to the type of trading by purchasing one crypto at the price of another crypto, such as purchasing Bitcoin using USDT（as in BTC/USDT）.

It is a privacy service.

The practice of obeying rules or requests made by an authority.

A series of instruction sequence code specifies the operation to be performed by CPU. An operation code represents an order.

It is one of the layers of a blockchain sys tem, consisting of va rious scr ipts, algorithms, and smart contracts.

It is a sys tem to reach agreements about whether a piece of information.

It contains the entire blockchain. Users can not only receive, store and send cryptocurrencies with it but also program on it.

A replay attack is a form of network attack in which valid data transmission is maliciously or fraudulently repeated

It could be seen as a token given away to users.

It refers to a situation where the computation is computable, but it will take an unrealistic amount of time to process

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

It happens when a transaction is recorded and confirmed.

It means to keep your crypto offline for the sake of security.

In real life, canaries are often used in underground mining operations. When toxic gasses _carbon monoxide, etc._ are emitted underground, canaries will shout to remind miners.

It is a temporary block created by a mining node using transactions selected from the memory pool in order to receive the block rewards.

It refers to the act of reducing the amount of crypto assets in position when the prices are dropping.

Refers to the encrypted form of the plaintext.

It refers to the taxes levied on the profits obtained from the sale of assets, generally for real estate, stocks, bonds, precious metals, etc.

It is a wallet that is not connected to the network and therefore it is more secure to store crypto assets.

As the measurement of Bitcoin network processing power, it can measure the speed of the Hash Function output calculated by CPU.

It refers to the fact that when the position level reaches approximately 88%, the market often falls sharply, and the position has become the "reverse indicator" of the market.

It is a virtual currency developed by using cryptography and encryption techniques.

It is a Chinese metaphor in the crypto industry which describes investors who are not familiar with the cryptocurrency market.

Cryptography is a branch of Mathematics and Computer science.

It refers to individuals or organization that try to make profit from any situation with large amount of capital.

A consensus is an agreement reached by different parties.

It is a process in computer science used to achieve agreement on a single data value among distributed processes or _s.

It is a type of standardized futures trading.

It is a cryptographic protocol that is able to conceal the crypto assets’ amount value and the address of the recipient.

It refers to the behavior of buying-in more of the asset that is already in position when the price of that asset drops so that the cost can be diminished.

Specifically referring to people accumulating assets through crypto market trading or offering tokens through projects.

t refers to a phenomenon that big dealers purchase a large amount of some crypto asset at its lowest price in order to raise the price.

A dark pool refers to an exchange organized by the internal _ of other security companies rather than by a trading _.

These are special financial products whose values derives from its underlying financial assets.

It refers to the situation where the price of a coin or token drops below its issuing price.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

One of the key features of blockchains. It enables the transparency and availability of the blockchain ledger to all the nodes in the network.

It requires coin/token holders to vote for representatives who are responsible for validating the transaction and maintaining the network.

It refers to the private network connected by non-standard protocol and ports, and credible nodes, which cannot be accessed by regular protocols.

It is the abbreviation form of Decentralized Application which is run on a P2P network.

It is a shared and synchronized database based on P2P technology for data and asset transaction records. Blockchain is regarded as a type of distributed ledger.

It refers to the bankruptcy， liquidation or absconding of the debtor or his company, resulting in the inability to recover the property lent by the creditor

It is a word used to assess whether an Exchange is capable of remaining stable when there is a lot of large volume trading.

Similar to a personal signature singed on paper, a digital signature is a string of encrypted numbers developed by the message sender and impossible to forge by others.

Which is specifically divided into financing deposit ratio and securities lending deposit ratio.

It refers to a given amount of coins that are spent twice or more.

It refers to the price of some coin that keeps declining and then temporarily bounces. But it keeps dropping afterward.

It is the world wide web whose hidden contents cannot be visited by search engines.

Decentralization is an updated sys tem to access, store, and update data on the internet from not only a few connected portals.

Short form for Decentralized Exchange, which does not rely on a central authority and allows peer-to-peer trading.

It is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator overwhelms a server with traffic, slowing down and disrupting the normal traffic of the server and making it unavailable for others.

It is the technology to have multiple computers work at the same on a single problem.

It refers to the funds paid by the buyer or seller according to the standards specified in the trading market

Refers to transactions of minuscule amounts of token/coins in which the value of the token/coins is lower than the cost of spending it.

t is a cryptocurrency featuring a likeness of the Shiba Inu dog with the “Doge“ Internet meme as its logo.

Secure multiparty computation _MPC_ is a technology

It is an investment strategy used in a fixed period of time.

It refers to the increase of difficulty in the Ethereum mining process.

The level of difficulty at which a new block is created every 10 minutes.

Formerly named DarkCoin, is the first privacy-centric cryptographic currency with anonymous block transactions powered by DarkSend.

DeFi 2.0 is created to make up for the drawbacks of Liquid Mining in DeFi 1.0.

DYOR is short for “doing your own research”.

It refers to the value or price of one currency expressed in another currency.

Proposed by Gartner in 2019.

Ethereum is an open-source, decentralized blockchain operating _ that is not controlled by anyone and is currently the most active smart contract network.

Refers to an address that is not recognized by the Blockchain or loses its private key.

It is a kind of algorithm which encrypts the original information into a series of unreadable cipher-text, while the process is irreversible.

Refers to the malicious act that aims to attack some node in the network. It prevents a certain target from getting an accurate picture of the real network state.

ETH 2.0 is the last phase of the development of ETH

The opposite of OTC, meaning that the trading activity occurs on an exchange.

It is the bonus distributed by an exchange that users receive by holding the token issued by that exchange.

It is an official protocol for proposing improvements to the Ethereum （ETH） network.

FOMO, short for fear of missing out, refers to the emotion of fear of missing out and suffering from gains and losses.

It is the lawful currency issued by the central bank of a country, such as Chinese Yuan, US Dollar, and Japanese Yen.

It is the trading within users. For example, after transferring fiat money to a seller, the buyer receives the crypto from the seller.

Refers to the behaviour of investing all the funds to purchase crypto asset at one time.

It refers to economic services involving financial transactions，etc.

Fat-finger error refers to erroneous transactions in the financial market caused by wrongly keyboard input, such as wrongly input transaction volume or transaction price.

It refers to the news favourable to the rise of currency price.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

It is a form of Byzantine Fault Tolerance. It requires nodes to be known and verified ahead of time before users request any performance from the FBA.

The general term for both a hard fork and a soft fork.

It is a new cryptocurrency generated from a blockchain_s hard fork. e.g BCH is BTC_s fork coin.

It refers to a type of stablecoin which is backed by a fiat currency.

Flash loans of blockchain technology refer to a type of unsecured loan contract.

Combatting the Financing of Terrorism _CFT_ is focused on restricting the movement

Floor price refers to the bottom price of collectibles in the market.

A quantum algorithm that can search targeted number in digital field.

A sharing platform for storing and resource applications

Generally, it is only for different coins under the same algorithm

The 1st block created in the Blockchain.

It was introduced and implemented by Ethereum.

Grid trading, also known as fishing net trading, is a market investment strategy.

GameFi, namely Game Finance, refers to decentralized financial products packaged in a game mode.

In physics, the observer effect is the theory that the mere observation of a phenomenon inevitably changes that phenomenon.

The photon is a type of elementary particle. It is the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light and radio waves.

To purchase foreign currency, one needs to exchange the domestic currency in his account. Then, the purchased currency will remain as his bank record.

High energy chain is a Metaverse-related business of the bullet screen video website Bilibili.

It is a sys tem designed to enhance the efficiency of a single consensus mechanism, usually integrated with more than 2 consensus protocols.

The amount of one‘s crypto asset in position.

An encryption function that is able to transform any information into a fixed-length string.

Refers to a situation where a new kind of Blockchain is diverted from the original.

Currency crisis includes a broad currency crisis and a narrow currency crisis.

This is a sort of wallet used to store coins online, but it only can be used when there is a network connection, so it is less safe than a cold wallet, which stores coins offline.

As a trading method, hedging transaction follows the principle of "market neutrality".

It refers to the mechanism that the bitcoin block reward will be reduced by half every 210,000 blocks, so as to the control the supply and maintain the value of the currency.

It is a risk management strategy used to offset potential losses on investment by investing in another venture which is expected to perform the opposite way.

It is an open-source project which aims to advance cross-industry blockchain technologies.

A typo of “Hold.“ It refers to the strategies of holding crypto assets and not selling them.

Dogecoin is a peer-to-peer and open-source digital currency that’s similar to Bitcoin _BTC_ and Litecoin _LTC_.

It is a technology that enables transactions and transfer of tokens issued on different blockchains.

It generally refers to experts who have an advanced understanding of computer _s and networks such as programmers.

It is a deception technique used to upgrade _ defense ability.

A blackbody is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation.

One of the layers in blockchain, which is mainly about a reward distribution mechanism.

The amount of extra money paid at a certain rate to the lender by borrowers over a certain period of time.

A large order which is presented as a smaller limit order to hide the actual order quantity.

Similar to an Initial Coin Offering （IC0）, Initial Exchange Offering is a fundraising method for cryptocurrency projects when first listed on an exchange.

It is a kind of fundraising method for cryptocurrency projects when they are about to issue their token or coins.

A classical _or non-quantum_ algorithm is a finite sequence of instructions

A heuristic initially proposed by Boettcher at the World Summit on Genetic and Evolutionary Computation.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

A situation where a country or region open the financial market to the world, or a situation where the financial market of a country or region turns into openness from blockage.

Regtech is the management of regulatory processes

Nodes are devices or data points on a larger network, such as network node and GGSN.

Classical mechanics describes the motion of macroscopic objects at low speed.

The base currency is the currency against which exchange rates are generally quoted in a given country. Examples: USD/RMB, the US Dollar is the base currency.

Foreign-exchange transactions are settled via correspondent banks.

The gold standard is a monetary _

It is the ratio of two monetary units calculated on the basis of their legally fixed gold content.

Reversible computing is a model of computing where the computational process to some extent is time-reversible.

Open source, unveiling the source program, allows people to visit, share and modify the program.

A limited-capacity block that only contains one piece of information but also has the ability to transfer tiny data, which can only help the block discovered.

The combination of technology and innovation encouraged and supported by the government,

A standard procedure to verify a customer’s identity in order to deter illegal behaviors such as money laundering.

A mutual communication of information on different blockchains that allows asset exchange, e.g. transferring ETH with BTC.

A Kangaroo Market refers to the market that bounces frequently up and down over a while, without any stable rising or declining trends.

Quantum key distribution _QKD_ is a secure communication method

In quantum physics, a quantum state is the state of an isolated quantum _.

Universal quantum computers leverage the quantum mechanical phenomena of superposition and entanglement to manipulate information.

Based on classical algorithms, quantum algorithms use some essential features of quantum computation

A quantum logic gate _or simply quantum gate_ is a basic quantum circuit operating on a small number of qubits.

Quantum entanglement occurs when two particles become inextricably linked,

In quantum computing, a qubit is the basic unit of quantum information.

In the quantum algorithm, the figure that can decompose prime numbers is called a prime factor, e,g, in the equation 50=2*5*5, 50 is a prime factor, and 2,5,5 are prime numbers.

That is, sell after buying, or buy after selling.

It refers to the situation where an investor buys a lot of crypto with funds and holds a lesser amount of cash.

It refers to the situation where tokens or coins are not allowed to be traded in a certain time period.

It is a circle consisting of experts and professions concentrating on blockchain technology

An unissued cryptocurrency proposed by Facebook on 2019 June and planned to be launched in 2020.

Known as ‘blockchain revolution,’

Investors start to buy some currency with the expectation of a price rise in the future. Once its price rises, they sell it at a high price to be able to take profits.

This term was first proposed in 2015 with the purpose of improving the scalability of Bitcoin transactions.

It is an attack where an adversary creates the other branch on the blockchain, starting from the Genesis block and replaces the legal mainchain.

It appears when the price of a stock or token decreases or increases dramatically within a short period of time, indicating that the price might see a reverse trend.

Refers to those investors who have access to massive capital and conduct a large amount of trading - in frequency and in quantity.

Loot, an NFT project deployed on the Ethereum network, became popular in the crypto space as soon as it was released.

In a broader sense, layer 2 protocols create a secondary framework

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that describes nature at the smallest-including atomic and subatomic-scales.

It refers to an individual who wants to get the block reward by using computers to calculate the encryption functions.

It is a process using high-performance computing devices to tackle complicated computational math problems, and as a result, tokens are rewarded to the miner completed the block.

It is used to calculate encryption functions, usually performing a single calculation program and being equipped with a mining chip.

Miners combine their computational power over a network and become a joint mining group. The mining pool assigns calculation tasks to each miner （mining rig） connected to the pool.

A place which has a large number of mining rigs to mine cryptocurrencies.

It refers to the entire stock of a country‘s fiat currency. It consists of the cash in circulation and the deposits.

Cypherpunks are activists who advocate the use of cryptography and privacy-enhancing technologies as a way to social change.

A limited-capacity block that is filled with information.

The nodes created to attack other networks.

It is a mechanism requiring multiple keys to authorize a transaction.

Also known as Hash Tree, a Merkel Tree is a tree-like data structure.

Refers to cryptos whose market values rank the top. Common mainstream currencies are BTC, LTC and ETH etc.,

Mainnet is a reliable network protocol of blockchain where transaction information can be verified and recorded.

It is a behavior to stabilize the price of a cryptocurrency by purchasing a large number of it to prevent its price from plunging.

It is a type of wallet that requires at least two private keys to authorize a transaction.

It is a type of wallet that enables transactions of crypto assets on different mainnets. It can store more than one type of crypto asset.

Maker & Taker

“Metaverse” is made up of two parts: “Meta”, which means “transcendent” and “Verse”, which means “universe”.

It is the final hash left after multiple calculations.

It refers to the amount of time used in mining.

It refers to the trading activity which allows traders to trade with borrowed funds to increase their sums of capital.

It is an economic theory that the changes in the supply of money have no impact on the overall economy.

This is a string of automatically generated numbers during the process of mining. Using this string of numbers, miners are likely to figure out Hash Function to get the block reward.

It refers to a connecting point in a decentralized network. A node can be a mobile phone, a computer or a mining rig. The more nodes a network has, the more secure it will be.

Built on the ERC-721 standard, it is a particular type of cryptographic token representing something unique that cannot be interchanged for another.

They are the tokens that are nontransferable nor interchangeable.

It means cold wallet.

They are the blocks that are not recogized by the Blockchain.

Generally refers to a monopoly enterprise or capitalist in an industry.

In the cryptocurrency field, any transactions completed outside the Exchange can be seen as OTC.

Overbought refers to the over-buying of crypto assets and is used when cryptocurrency is believed to be trading at a level above its intrinsic value.

Investors create positions by buying or selling a certain amount of future contracts.

It is a type of blockchain that allow anyone to check, exchange transaction data, and participate in the process of consensus.

Pixiu stock refers to projects that can only be bought but not sold.

One of the key features of blockchain.

Proposed by Satoshi Nakamoto, it is designed to solve the Byzantine Generals Problems.

It is a mechanism designed to distribute interest according to the number of tokens that users are staking.

Peer-to-peer _P2P_ network is a decentralized communications model

It is a type of cryptocurrency that is considered as a medium of payment, such as BTC and LTC.

It is a form of fraud created by Chales Ponzi.

It is a decentralized storage sys tem which leverages the storage capacity of each node of a network and therefore enhancing the network efficiency.

Public and private key pair is a pair of closely related cryptographic keys. Associated with the address of a crypto, the private key is non-public.

The public key and private key are a pair of keys generated from encryption algorithm.

It refers to the readable information transmitted from a sender to a receiver.

It means a crypt token that is considered worth investing in.

It is a scheme that uses funds of multiple users to pay back other users.

It is a common investment strategy that allows an investor to invest their funds by making small periodic payments.

Refer to the act of selling an asset in a period of time at a relatively higher price compared to the stocking price.

Planck constant is a physical constant that is the quantum of electromagnetic action, which relates the energy carried by a photon to its frequency.

If you sell all BTC, your position will be short.

A signature algorithm is a cryptographic algorithm that protects the security of blockchain.

A wallet, providing good users experience, that can only save self-related blocks data with small occupied memory.

Layer 0 is the lowest layer. The first component of Layer 0 provides the necessary networking capabilities necessary for building peer-to-peer networks.

Foreign remittance is a transfer of money from a foreign worker to their family or other individuals in their home countries.

In cryptography, a ring signature refers to a kind of digital signature that is created by any member of a group of users, which each have their own keys.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

It refers to the project schedule of a blockchain project

Ren is an open protocol that allows users to bridge their assets across the chain to Ethereum.

It is an off-chain scaling solution that enables instant and low-fee payments.

More often, it refers to those indicators that are different from the general trend.

It is an operation of restoring a program or data to its previous status due to data process errors.

It is the process of identifying, analyzing, and mitigating the risks in investments.

A rug pull is a malicious maneuver in the cryptocurrency industry where a certain crypto developer abandons a project and runs away with investors’ funds.

It is a type of pr_ent malicious software.

It is a situation that occurs when the price drops to the bottom line but later keeps rising, showing a “V” shape on the chart.

A supercycle is defined as a sustained period of abnormal increase in the prices of bulk commodities _energy commodities, basic raw materials, agricultural and sideline products_.

A quantum algorithm that can both operate large integer factorization and discompose discrete logarithm.

An abstract in computing that can be achieved by SHA256Managed. SHA256 has values of SHA256 is 256 bits.

It refers to the situation where an investor holds more cash and a small amount of crypto in his account.

It refers to the exchange of money or security between trading parties on the settlement date as agreed.

It refers to the first round of investment funding raised for a blockchain project.

It is a software which enables you to confirm the transaction without downloading the entire blockchain.

A sharing platform for storing and resource application

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

A kind of news reported in the form of figures and statements or graphs. Compared to the traditional news report, digital news can catch the gist faster with a concise form.

Refers to the procedure of a temporary program upgrade.

It is a style of trading that attempts to gain profits by going long or short in multiple trading sessions in a shorter period （several times at a day or in a week）.

It refers to an individual who manages to create multiple accounts for the purpose of controlling the whole network by getting enough nodes.

A coin whose price can remain stable without significant fluctuation.

This is a smart contract technology that enables the transaction of one cryptocurrency for another without intermediaries.

The creator of Bitcoin, but his real identity remains unknown.

First proposed by Nick Szabo in the 1990s, it is a kind of computer protocol aiming at disseminating and verifying contracts.

Investors sell the currency at the current price with the expectation of price decline in the future.

It refers to the state in which investors sell out all their commodities _such as commodities, raw materials, stocks, futures, currency products, etc._ and hold cash without commodities.

Refers to the stable average price during a period of time that no obvious fluctuations was observed.

The minimum balance of the settlement deposit shall be stipulated by the exchange.

it refers to an altcoin that has no intrinsic value since it does not have any use cases or a proper project behind it.

It is a method used to divide an extensive database into smaller parts in order to make it faster and easier to process.

A sidechain is a separate blockchain attached to its mainchain.

It is a type of wallet that requires only one private key to authorize a transaction.

A super currency is a hypothetical global currency.

A regulatory sandbox is a framework set up by a regulator.

In accounting and finance industries, it is an analysis of a business_s financial state - including health, competitors, and markets.

Squid coin marketed itself as a play-to-earn cryptocurrency that can be used to play in a new type of online game.

It is the minimum unit of a Bitcoin nominated by Satoshi Nakamoto, the creator of Bitcoin.

It is a market where investors buy and sell assets they already own. _ious exchanges can be regarded as the biggest secondary market so far.

Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm _ECDSA_ is a cryptographic algorithm used by Bitcoin,

Indicates the frequency of the exchange of cryptocurrency being traded during a certain period as a reflection of liquidity.

In modern transactions, the common medium of exchange is currency.

Tokens refer to the Blockchain circulating units such as BTC, ETH, etc.

One of the cross-chain interactive technology, which is easy to achieve interaction between the chains.

It refers to a situation where transaction information will be relayed in the network, and the nodes will confirm the process.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner to reduce the risk of privacy leak and guarantee data security under the crisis of confidence.

One of the key features of blockchain.

It refers to the sign that is set to mark events, and it can record what has happened at a certain time. Each transaction is arranged in order by the marked time.

It is a profit on an investment over a period of time, which is typically a year.

A public blockchain consists of its mainnet and testnet.

It means the surge of a token‘s price. Some joke about linking this phenomenon with the possibility of buying a Lamborghini, saying “When moon, When Lambo“.

It is a network connected to, interacting with and recognized by general （household）objects.

It refers to a trader who place an order that trades immediately by filling an existing order on the order book.

It refers to the funds deposited by the settlement member into the special settlement account of the exchange to ensure the performance of the contract.

As a simple timing model, the triple momentum trading model is built on ROC, a momentum-based indicator.

Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption

Taproot is a soft fork that optimizes Bitcoin _s. Taproot is the biggest upgrade to the Bitcoin network since 2017.

Elliptic curve cryptography _ECC_ is a public key encryption technique

TRON is committed to promoting the decentralization of the Internet and is committed to building infrastructure for the decentralized Internet.

Tether issued an extra 1 billion USDT

It refers to the news that leads to the decline of currency price.

It is a type of cryptocurrency that is issued in order to fund the development of the cryptocurrency which later can be later used to purchase a good or service offered by the issuer.

Refers to the one billion dollar bonds issued by El Salvador.

Similar to vampires, who use others to replenish their vitality.

Virtual property refers to the real estate in the Metaverse where each piece of land can be treated as a unique NFT.

Designed to keep cryptos, a wallet consists of an address which is connected to the respective blockchain.

Similar to RenBTC, wBTC is also an ERC20 token, which is anchored 1:1 with Bitcoin.

It is an introduction to a Blockchain project, including its mission and purpose, technical background, team, token allocation, etc.

It is a collection of trusted individuals, computer programs or cryptocurrency addresses.

It is often used to describe an individual or an organization that holds a large sum of crypto assets and can impact the markets.

The British physicist Lord Kelvin gave a speech entitled “Nineteenth-Century Clouds over the Dynamical Theory of Heat and Light”.

Web 1.0, also known as the first stage of the World Wide Web evolution, features one-way information transmission.

Web 2.0, which is also referred to as the second generation of the World Wide Web, features interpersonal communication tools using the Internet.

The term Web 3.0 currently refers to an imagination of a potential future internet that is decentralized.

A protocol and peer-to-peer network that can achieve decentralization.

Also known as modeling, a method to verify the problems of a program or _ with mathematical modeling, mostly applied to the hardware and gradually used in the software.

A situation where the leak of data and other information insecurity problems arose distrust

Physical addresses refer to hardware addresses of physical memory.

Schrödinger_s cat is a thought experiment, sometimes described as a paradox, devised by Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1935, though the idea originated from Albert Einstein.

It is a kind of service provided to those who want to conduct mining but do not want to buy mining devices.

One of the cross-chain interactive technology,

A directory entry that associates a name with a file on a file _.

A free open source that can provide triple encryption for users when they visit the website. It is also the most popular method to visit the dark web anonymously.

An oracle machine is an abstract machine used to study decision problems.

According to the concept proposed by Aristotle, Aether is the material that fills the region of the universe above the terrestrial sphere.

In 1950, the U.S. balance of payments swung negative,

A principle based on which only the longest PoW chain is valid

A limited-capacity block whose capacity is larger than the blank block’s but smaller than the full block’s.

A mutually virtual channel that provides state services for users,

A data transmission channel found between two users or services, e.g. repeater, relay circuit.

One of the Top 10 strategic technology trends for 2020 proposed by Gartner.

It refers to a transaction confirmed by the seller without being recorded and verified on the blockchain.

A self-regulatory organization _SRO_ is a non-governmental organization

It refers to a method of proofing

It is a decentralized and open-source privacy-focused cryptocurrency that first applied zero-knowledge proofs.